As a substitution crop for coffee-cocoa, cashew nuts make the Zanzan peasant able to respond favorably to some of theirs primary needs. Unfortunately, due to certain economic and socio-cultural factors such as cashew nuts, only relieves the producer and those who depend on them, but can not solve their socio-economic problems. This study, the objective of which is to identify the limiting factors of the "cashew nut silver", took place from May to June 2017, in the sub-prefecture of Apimandou, Bondoukou department (Zanzan). It was a question of qualitative study supplemented by a documentary research and a field observation. In addition to the characteristic of cashew nuts as a 4-month production crop, non-productive investment and poor management of cashew income are the main causes of producer poverty.