Particular attention should be given to the issue of malnutrition among children aged 0-5 years who are subjected to cultural and social constraints. Shedding light on representations, attitudes and practices related to child malnutrition has prompted this research. The study recruited ten elderly women whose age ranged between 50 and 75 years in Ehotilé de Vitré I. This consisted in the realization of a focus group and a dialectical analysis in order to know the explanatory model of the malnutrition emanating from the cultural universe Ehotilé as well as these real contradictions with regard to the biomedical conceptions. The results show that the Ehotile tradition proceeds to a theorization on the socio-cultural level with beliefs as support elements, whereas scholarly epidemiology is based on an explanatory system of physiological and biological order based on a national therapeutic protocol and Malnutrition in children aged 0-5 years. This fundamental difference leads to communication for behavioral change in the areas of knowledge of malnutrition and care of the malnourished child.