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International Journal of
Humanities and Social Science Research
ARCHIVES
VOL. 12, ISSUE 2 (2026)
The might of the radical pen: Hindi journalism and the Indian Independence Movement (1905–1920)
Authors
Utsawi Chaturvedi
Abstract

This article investigates the transformative role of Hindi-language journalism during a pivotal and turbulent time in Indian nationalism, covering the fifteen years from the Partition of Bengal in 1905 to the launch of the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1920. It posits that Hindi journalism underwent a significant evolution during this period, moving from the cautious constitutionalism characteristic of the Congress's moderate tradition to a more assertive, mass-oriented, and culturally rooted approach to nationalism. This shift not only anticipated but also facilitated the Gandhian turn in Indian politics. The article tracks this transformation through a detailed examination of key publications, influential editorial figures, and significant political events, including the Swadeshi agitation of 1905-08, the Lucknow Pact of 1916, the Rowlatt Act agitation of 1919, and the Jallianwala Bagh massacre. It analyses the rhetorical and ideological strategies employed by Hindi journalism, including religious nationalism, economic critique, swadeshi (self-reliance) mobilisation, and the politics of memory and martyrdom.

Furthermore, it explores how the press navigated the increasing colonial censorship and repression. In conclusion, the article situates Hindi journalism within the broader shift towards mass nationalism instigated by Mahatma Gandhi's emergence. It argues that the vernacular press laid the cultural and political foundations for Gandhi's movement, a role historians have yet to acknowledge fully.
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Pages:263-270
How to cite this article:
Utsawi Chaturvedi "The might of the radical pen: Hindi journalism and the Indian Independence Movement (1905–1920)". International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Research, Vol 12, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 263-270
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