This article analyses the effects of population growth and land pressure on the reconfiguration of agricultural spaces in the former villages established by the Authority for the Development of the South-West Region (ARSO) in Côte d’Ivoire. The study focuses on Boignykro, Do-Sakassou, Grobonou-Dan and Nonoua, villages created as part of the resettlement of populations displaced following the construction of the Kossou Dam. The methodology combines population census data from 1975 to 2021, documentary research, direct observation, interviews, and a 2025 survey of 100 household heads, with 25 respondents selected in each village. The results show that the combined population of the four villages increased from 3,186 inhabitants in 1974 to 20,791 in 2021. At the same time, of the 7,980 hectares of cultivable land initially allocated to the villages, only 18 hectares were reported as still available in 2025. This growing land scarcity has been accompanied by a reconfiguration of farming systems: rubber has become the main crop for 54% of the surveyed household heads, compared with 33% for cocoa and 13% for coffee. Village economies have also diversified through the development of trade, crafts and services. Furthermore, among the 221 migrants identified, 77.8% are young people and 86.4% migrate to urban areas. These transformations highlight a transition from a pioneer agricultural model based on relative land abundance and plantation expansion to a rural system increasingly characterized by land saturation, economic diversification and growing youth mobility.